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Pay attention to energy conservation and environmental protection
In the coming years, Shanghai is set to establish six energy terminals within its port areas, including Yangshan Port, Waigaoqiao, and Pudong Airport. These specialized facilities, focused on natural gas and refined oil, are essential to meet the rising energy demands of both the city and the nation. Their development presents new challenges for China in building advanced technologies for large-scale, specialized port terminals.
It has been reported that the advancement of large-scale, intelligent, and specialized port machinery and process technology, along with the integration of transportation systems and improvements in comprehensive port utilization, are key innovations during China’s 11th Five-Year Plan. According to Xu Zuyuan, Deputy Director of the Ministry of Communications, future water transport projects will prioritize four critical technological areas. These include the innovation of specialized cargo handling technologies, as well as the research and development of container and bulk handling systems. Additionally, efforts will focus on high-efficiency, large-scale equipment for major coastal terminals, while also exploring economical and flexible solutions for smaller ports.
Looking ahead, China's water transport projects will emphasize four core technologies: resource-saving and environmentally friendly engineering, key technologies for constructing major projects under complex natural conditions, information and intelligent application technologies, and fundamental, versatile water transport technologies. The construction of modern, specialized docks—such as those for coal, crude oil, containers, and ore—has already seen significant advancements in ground treatment, hydraulic structures, dredging, and loading/unloading technologies. This has led to the formation of a complete set of professional dock construction techniques.
Moreover, China has mastered the core technology for large-scale and efficient port equipment, and has made progress in overcoming key challenges in building deep-water channels. The development of key technologies for large-scale coastal wharfs is a major focus of the resource-saving and environment-friendly water transport engineering initiative. Xu Zuyuan emphasized the need for increased R&D to address current issues such as an imbalanced tonnage structure in coastal ports, insufficient throughput capacity, and inadequate port channels for large ships.
With limited deep-water shoreline resources, future efforts will target breakthroughs in super-large terminal structures, offshore protection buildings, stability of open docks, and the design of deep-water navigation channels. In addition, the development of large-scale construction equipment for offshore projects, including lifting platforms and efficient construction processes, will be prioritized. The introduction and development of large, efficient, and eco-friendly dredging equipment will also play a crucial role.
Energy conservation and environmental protection have become central to the evolution of water transport technologies. Xu highlighted the importance of innovating in energy-saving, emission-reduction, and pollution control technologies, especially in port operations. For inland shipping, technological breakthroughs in land use efficiency, energy savings, and environmental improvement are essential. Research should focus on ecological prediction models, dredged soil utilization, and pollution reduction techniques in marine and river environments.
Finally, recent priorities for water transport projects include energy conservation, the development of coastal specialized dock technologies, demonstration projects, standardization of inland vessels, and the promotion of these innovations. Current efforts must focus on reducing energy consumption and emissions from container yard cranes, improving port energy efficiency, and accelerating the adoption of green technologies.