Chlorite

Y ₃ (OH) ²⁺ (OH) ₆ represents that Y is Mg, Al, Fe, and Z is Si or Al. The first half of the formula corresponds to a talc layer and the second half corresponds to a brucite layer, which are arranged in phase. However, Al and Mg in talc and brucite are rarely replaced, but the replacement of Al and Mg in chlorite is one of its basic characteristics. Therefore, the terms "such as talc layer" and "porous layer" or "hydroxide layer" can be used to describe. The chemical composition of chlorite is very complicated, and there are a large number of similar images in the structure, so there are many species. Many scholars have proposed various classification schemes, but there are many controversies. In 1991, Martin and Bailey suggested that O in the TOT layer of the structure. The O' layer (Y ₃ (OH) ₆ layer) in the layer and interlayer domains is classified into a trioctahedral or a dioctahedral type: both are trioctahedral, called trioctahedral chlorite; Both are two-octahedral, called octagonal chlorite; one of them is a two-octahedron type, and the other is a three-octahedron type, called a two-eight-octahedral chlorite. Most chlorites in nature belong to the trioctahedral chlorite.

[Crystal structure] Multi-type is very complex, more than mica multi-type, the most stable and most common polytype is monoclinic; a ₀ = 0.52 nm, b ₀ = 0.921 nm, c ₀ = 1.43 nm; β = 97°; Z = 4. The structure is equivalent to a TOT layer and a [Y(OH) ₆ ] octahedral layer (ie, O'), which may be a trioctahedral or a octahedral.

[Form] The crystal is in the form of a pseudo-hexagonal sheet or plate, and a few are in the shape of a barrel, but crystals are rare. It is often a scaly aggregate (Fig. G-47) and a soil aggregate. Double crystal Eva mater or chlorite law.

Figure G-47 Crystal aggregate of chlorite

[Physical properties] mostly with green tone, but with composition, rich Mg is light blue green, rich Fe color deepens, dark green to black green, Mn is light brown, orange red, containing Cr is light purple to rose Color; streaks are colorless; glass luster, cleavage surface is pearl luster. Cleavage {001} is complete. The hardness is 2 to 2.5, and as the amount of Fe increases, the hardness increases to 3. The relative density increases with the increase of Fe content in the composition, and the variation is between 2.680 and 3.40. The cleavage sheet is flexible.

[genesis and occurrence] The minerals of this family are widely distributed. It is common in the low-grade metamorphic belt in the green schist facies and in the low-temperature hydrothermal alteration (green shale); but it can also occur in some medium, high temperature metamorphosed or altered rocks. In igneous rocks, chlorite is mostly secondary minerals of iron- rich magnesium minerals (hornblende, pyroxene, biotite, etc.); it contains certain chlorite in sinking rock and clay .

[Main use] Only mineralogical and petrological.

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