Gold mine tailings treatment and utilization

Gold mine tailings dust flying easily in case of wind, water easily lost, long pile, not only occupy a lot of land, while the tailings dust constitutes a danger to the surrounding environment, it proposes several simple methods of management on the status of tailings pollution.

I. Status of gold mine tailings pollution

The existing gold mine tailings ponds in Zhaoyuan City are nearly 100 in size, mostly in the shape of valleys, hills and flats. Most of them have been covered with soil, some are being used, some are not covered with soil, and some are pressed one layer. Thin soil is easy to form a second dust hazard and still affects the surrounding environment. Because the gold mine tailings are fine in size and contain ore dressing chemicals and metal ions, in case of strong winds, especially in the dry season from March to June, the tailings are scraped yellow sand and dust, flying into villages, farmland and orchards. It is polluted, and the resulting pollution disputes will directly affect the stability and unity of society. Tailings generally pass three kinds of ways to pollute the environment: one is that the tailings escapes some harmful gases during the weathering process and is polluted by the atmosphere; the other is the extremely fine tailings sand that is blown by the wind ( Even sandstorms can be formed, causing severe damage to the surrounding environment. Third, when the flood season is encountered, tailings, together with rainwater, flow into farmland and rivers, causing damage to groundwater. In summary, tailings pollution occupies land, damages the landscape, destroys the soil, harms the organism, blocks the river, and pollutes the atmosphere.

Second, tailings pollution control method

The most simple and feasible methods for the management and utilization of tailings are as follows: In areas with sufficient soil, it is possible to use 10-20 cm soil and then plant, cover the soil and expand the area of ​​cultivated land. This method is used for the valley-shaped tailings pond. This method has been affirmed for many years. However, there are also soil layers that are pressed due to pressure, resulting in secondary dust hazards. The second is to use organic waste to degrade and seal the gold mine tailings dust, and select appropriate seeds and substrates to make the plants germinate and grow quickly to achieve the purpose of vegetation utilization. This method of managing tailings has experimented with a few years of practice, especially in the selection of degradable solid waste, matrix, seed selection and seed germination time, and some have been successful. It overcomes the disadvantages of occupying a large number of soil layers and being inconvenient to manage due to the shape of the tailings. At the same time, there are many possibilities in desert management. The third is to use the tailings to develop building materials. Some silica sand, sandstone or vein quartz in the gold mine tailings can be utilized. Brick is the most common building material. It is also a good method to use tailings bricks. It is made by adding a certain amount of lime to make bricks, then sent to the carbonization chamber, and carbonized into CO2, which not only increases the pressure of the bricks, but also reduces the pressure of the bricks. The land is destroyed and the economic benefits are also considerable. Tailings can also produce flat glass and various insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation materials. In addition, the extraction of useful metals from tailings has also been utilized.

Third, some suggestions for tailings management

A large amount of tailings is produced during the gold production process, so it is necessary to master several topics. First, the site selection of the tailings pond must be fair, which is the basis for the management and utilization of the tailings pond. Second, the used tailings pond is immediately reclaimed. Generally, the thickness of the covering soil should be above 400-600 mm, and the planting should be used together to make the tailings no longer polluted. The third is to plant plants that can cover the dam surface, such as dense foliage, well-developed roots, and easy to reproduce plants, which can preserve soil and embankment and achieve thorough management effects. The fourth is to develop a strict management system for gold mine tailings. Whoever manages pollution, whoever uses it, rewards and rewards, and guarantees the smooth implementation of tailings management.

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