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As a typical representative of information technology and advanced manufacturing industries and a major technology carrier, robots are recognized as “the crown jewel of the manufacturing industry.†Its level of development has become one of the important indicators for measuring the level of technological development in a country. On March 27, 2016, the “White Paper on the Development of China's Robot Industry in 2016†was released in Dongguan and disclosed the current status of the development of China’s robot industry.
China continuously aspires to be the world’s largest industrial robot market
According to the statistics of the International Robot Federation (IFR), the industrial robot market in China was 15,000 units in 2010, and it has grown rapidly since then. It has reached 57,000 units by 2014, accounting for about 1/4 of global sales, and the year-on-year growth rate reached 56. %. Moreover, after 2013, China successively claimed the world's largest industrial robot market, and Japan, the United States, South Korea, and Germany ranked second to fifth. According to the latest statistical data from the China Robotics Industry Alliance, it is expected that the total sales volume of domestic industrial robots will exceed 22,000 units in 2015, an increase of around 30% year-on-year.
In this regard, Zuo Shiquan, of the SIDI Think Tank Equipment Industry Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, believes that the demand for industrial robots in China is in a period of rapid outbreak. “We expect that by 2020, China’s robots will have sales of 1500 to 200 billion yuan. About the robot density (the number of robots per ten thousand people) will increase from 36 in 2014 to over 100."
In spite of this, China's current robot density index is still only about half of the global average. Compared with countries such as Korea, Japan, Germany, and the United States where robot applications are more popular, there is a huge potential for growth. For enterprises, an important factor for the "machine substitution" is the continuous increase in labor costs. Florian Mader, director of research and development at Kuka China, said that the wages of Chinese workers have grown by more than 14% per year over the past decade, and many workers are no longer willing to work on a single duplicate, so it is necessary to use industrial robots. Ensure the continuous development of some industries.
Statistics say that more than 70% of local companies are losing money
The White Paper pointed out that at present, China's industrial robots and service robots have entered the stage of preliminary industrialization and industrial incubation. Among them, the development of industrial robots has formed four major industrial agglomerations in the Bohai Rim, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and the Midwest.
According to the statistics of OFweek Industry Research Center, as of the end of 2015, the number of domestic robot-related companies reached 1,026, of which Guangdong Province had the largest number of robot manufacturers, 285, followed by 156 in Zhejiang, ranking second; other regions such as Jiangsu , Shandong, Shanghai, Beijing, Anhui, Liaoning and Chongqing reached 125, 89, 108, 58, 56, 45 and 40 respectively.
However, it is worth noting that China's industrial robot manufacturing companies are generally small, with nearly 90% of the companies being under 100 million yuan. Shenyang Xinsong, the leading company in China, had a sales income of 1.69 billion yuan in 2015, and the sales revenue of the four giants (ABB, Afanai, Yaskawa, and Kuka, Sweden) was frequently over 10 billion yuan. More importantly, the lack of core parts and components technology leads to high production costs, and the profitability of local companies is not optimistic. In 2015, about 75% of precision reducers were imported from Japan, and over 80% of servomotors and drives were imported. This directly led domestic companies to purchase reducers at prices nearly four times higher and servo drives at nearly twice the price.
According to the data, in 2015, the scale of the ontology business of China's robotics industry showed an overall growth trend. In the first half of the year, more than 80% of the company's ontology business grew year-on-year. However, in terms of profitability, over 70% of the company's ontology business was in a loss state. In addition, the low recognition of self-owned brands is also an important factor affecting the development of local robot companies in China. As user companies have become accustomed to using foreign brands, especially the automotive and electronics industries that use the most and have the highest requirements for equipment quality, the ontologies and parts products of their own brands cannot be put into the market as soon as possible, even products with successful application experience are difficult to achieve. Promotion and application.
Foreign companies speed up layout and seize the Chinese market
Comparing with the difficulties in the development of local enterprises, developed countries and regions such as Europe, the United States and Japan occupy the largest share of the Chinese robot market by virtue of their existing technological advantages. Among them, the market share of only four giants is about 70%.
In 2015, major foreign-funded manufacturers accelerated their strategic layout in China. ABB, Yaskawa Electric, KUKA and other companies have already entered the entire industrial chain from the development of sales channels, and have established production bases in China. For example, Yaskawa Electric's industrial robot factory in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province not only manufactures robots for assembling automobiles, handling, welding, and painting, but also designs, designs, and manufactures accessories and components. At the same time, in order to respond to the newly-raised domestic brands, foreign companies have also taken measures to cut prices to further weaken the market competitiveness of domestic robots.
Human-robot collaboration application will accelerate "machine substitution"
The white paper points out that with the acceleration of the integration of new-generation information network technology and robotics technology, intelligent robots with self-learning capabilities and the ability to solve problems on their own have become the future direction of robot development. In the eyes of business owners, it is even more important for smart robots and humans to work together. Li Yinghao, managing director of RethinkRobotics Asia Pacific, predicts that during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, China’s demand for human-robot collaboration will greatly increase. “This opportunity will be achieved at 35 times or more.†FlorianMader also believes that man-machine collaboration that can balance flexibility and productivity is the future trend. He gave an example, the electronic product production cycle is unpredictable, so it is difficult to achieve full automation. If all artificial production is used, the flexibility is high but the productivity is limited. With the introduction of robots capable of human-robot collaboration, it is possible to adjust the use of labor according to the requirements of shipments, thereby improving work efficiency. At the same time, this will also greatly expand the field of robotic applications.
The white paper predicts that in 2016, the application of industrial robots will be expected to extend to textile and logistics industries with high labor intensity, high-risk defense industry, civil explosive industry, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and food products that require high cleanliness of the production environment. Industry, and ceramics, bricks and other industries that endanger human health.
In addition, the use of big data and virtual simulation is also the development trend of the robot industry in the future. Matsalen, the business development manager of ABB robot packaging application center in the Asia-Pacific region, said that the collection of big data can predict the time of problems in the robot system and propose solutions.
State Council Discusses Industrial Robots: Demand is Huge, But Core Components Are Controlled by People
Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council presided over the executive meeting of the State Council on April 6, 2016, stating that new breakthroughs should be made in the standardization of robots and other fields.