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In recent years, China's economy has shifted from light industrialization to heavy industrialization. The development of special vehicles to heavy-duty is a sign. The development of heavy-duty special vehicles has become a driving force for the rapid growth of the automobile industry and the national economy. The rapid increase in its demand has directly promoted the upgrading of the country’s industrial structure.
Heavy cargo semi-hanging advantages are significant
With the gradual implementation of relevant national transportation management policies and the cancellation of regional protectionism policies, heavy-duty cargo semi-trailer transportation has become efficient, economical, energy-saving, environmentally-friendly, and completely superior to other units. The industry's first choice.
The attributes of production materials for heavy-duty cargo semi-trailers determine that their market development is closely related to the macroeconomic trend of the national economy. Whether in Europe or America or Japan, this positive correlation has been proved. Looking back at the economic situation in China at the beginning of the century, in 2000, China’s GDP growth rate rebounded to 8%, reversing the downward trend for seven consecutive years. Heavy trucks, including heavy cargo semi-trailers, have become the main models driving the surge in commercial vehicles. In 2002, heavy truck sales surpassed China Card for the first time, and the entire truck market has become increasingly clear towards both heavy and light ends. After a continuous 11-year high release from 2000 to 2010, the capacity of the heavy-duty truck market has expanded rapidly, and the heavy-duty truck semi-trailer has developed rapidly.
Due to restrictions on road conditions and chassis production, China’s special-purpose vehicles have been dominated by medium-sized vehicles, and the proportion of heavy-duty vehicles production is still low. However, heavy-duty vehicles are the direction, and heavy-duty cargo semi-trailers should have strong development potential. From the perspective of market size, the market size of heavy-duty cargo semi-trailers is much higher than that of other special vehicles. From its market characteristics, its market concentration is still relatively high, mainly concentrated in the industry's top 10 well-known companies. At the same time, safety, environmental protection, energy saving and high-tech, low fuel consumption, large tonnage, high power, and high-end heavy cargo semi-trailers suitable for specialized transportation will become the mainstream of market development. From the history of the development of heavy vehicles in various countries in the world, special vehicles in various countries have shown a trend of heavy-duty and specialization. Various automobile manufacturing companies in various countries have developed heavy-duty trucks, high-power engines, and high-tech equipment. The direction of development. Heavy-duty special vehicles are becoming the main theme and direction of China's future development.
National policy plays a guiding role
In the past two years, relevant national ministries and commissions and functional departments have successively issued some plans and plans, which have had a lasting and far-reaching impact on the special-purpose vehicle market. The promulgation of policies and regulations has played a catalytic role in the development of special-purpose vehicles. As the policy has increased the threshold for entry of special-purpose vehicles, it has played a certain role in protecting the existing enterprises.
At the same time, the policy has imposed certain restrictions on the production and development of some major road cargoes, and encourages the development of high-value-added and high-tech content in enterprise products. From the perspective of freight demand, to support the growth rate of the national economy, there must be sufficient resources for guarantees, so the demand for various materials will also increase substantially. The adjustment of freight special vehicles is to adjust the vehicle structure with the objective of effectively improving transportation efficiency, reducing energy consumption, realizing the vanization of cargo transportation, and ensuring transportation safety. Vigorously develop heavy-duty diesel vehicles and container tractors, further increase the proportion of heavy-duty trucks, increase the proportion of special vehicles for refrigerated cargoes, bulk cargoes, liquid and gaseous cargoes suitable for urban transport, and promote the dissemination of automotive train transportation technologies and container trailers. The use of containerized units in the area of ​​cargo transportation encourages the development of energy-saving and environment-friendly special vehicles, which will be the future direction of development.
Road transport is the basis for development
According to the “National High-Grade Highway Network†plan of the Ministry of Communications, from 2005 to 2030, the state will spend heavily to develop high-grade highways. In the past five years, the country has built 42,000 kilometers of high-grade highways, and the total mileage has reached 95,600 kilometers. The rapid development of high-grade highways will actively promote the development of transport vehicles and road maintenance vehicles. China’s long-term demand for basic strategic materials such as steel, coal, cement, crude oil, and natural gas has remained enormous, and a considerable part of these materials have to be transported by vehicles.
The development direction of medium-to-long-distance highway freight vehicles is large tonnage, specialization, low energy consumption and high reliability. One of the development priorities is semi-trailer trains, while the top priority is van-type semi-trailers. At present, semi-trailer trains have a market share of about 70% in medium and long-distance transport in developed countries, and 90% of semi-trailer trains use special van semi-trailer trains. Among them, van-type semi-trailers have taken over the majority of non-container-transportation of semi-trailer trains. The improvement of China's road freight equipment level should also be committed to encouraging and promoting the development of van semi-trailers. This is not only in line with today's international trends, but also a requirement for the establishment of a high-speed, high-efficiency, safe, convenient, energy-saving material transportation modernization system.
Specifically, the modernization of road freight equipment has promoted the development of special vehicles to heavy-duty and containerization. In terms of heavy-duty, heavy-duty trucks are a development direction. The rapid development of the highway logistics economy and the continuous improvement of the level of road construction have become the strong cornerstone for the rapid rise of heavy-duty trucks in the freight market. Heavy-duty trucks have become the main force of road transport because they have advantages of low transportation costs and high economic benefits compared with medium- and light-duty trucks. In terms of containerization, there are still many countries where container transportation is dominated by railways, international container shipping is dominated by shipping, and automobiles are used as connecting tools. However, in the United States, where the automobile transportation is more developed, the land transport of containers is mainly based on automobile transport. Among the international container transports that import and export about 7.5 million TEUs per year, 2/3 of the international container transports are transported by cars. The distance is more than 800 kilometers. . It can be said that the development of container transportation is a revolution in the automobile logistics and transportation industry. It can simplify loading and unloading operations, realize the mechanization of loading and unloading, and speed up the turnover period of goods. In recent years, China’s container transport has been growing at an average annual rate of more than 10%. In terms of semi-trailer transportation, the semi-trailer's high efficiency, economy, energy saving, and environmental protection are completely superior to the single-truck transportation method and have become the first choice for the logistics and transportation industry. One is the van semi-trailer. In the United States, van semi-trailers account for 70% of semi-trailer sales, and it is a mainstream tool for transportation in the United States. With the rapid development of China's modern logistics industry, van semi-trailers are gaining popularity among users. The second is the tank semi-trailer. The increase in vehicle ownership in China is accompanied by a surge in demand for diesel and gasoline. Tanker semi-trailers and other types of tank semi-trailers have a broad market. The third is the semi-trailer for vehicle transportation. Due to the popularization of cars and other small and medium-sized goods vehicles, the semi-trailer for vehicle transportation shows a continuous and large demand momentum.
Special chassis is the key to development
The shortage of heavy-duty special-purpose vehicles is a major problem that has long plagued the development of China’s special-purpose vehicles, and the problem of developing the chassis of heavy-duty special-purpose vehicles has become more prominent. Due to the small size, variety, variety, and high technology content of special vehicles, different specialized vehicles require different dedicated chassis. Therefore, special-purpose vehicle chassis has unique quality and structural technical requirements, and meets the matching of different special-purpose devices with good performance to ensure the overall performance of the special-purpose vehicle.
At present, relevant policy factors have a greater impact on the operation and development of heavy-duty special-purpose vehicles, and they are prominently represented on the chassis. The ongoing implementation of [2011] No. 632 has a continuing effect on private auto companies. Except for previously required GPS and tachographs, the explosive material vehicles will be fully implemented with ABS, front disc brake system, and 80 km / Hour's speed limit system, etc., and there are time nodes that are in place on time, otherwise they will refuse to register for new purchase vehicles. Most of these specific requirements must be completed by the main engine plant. Special-purpose auto companies are only in a hurry but cannot do anything about it. The reorganization of vehicles and related announcements based on these requirements directly affects the use of vehicle announcements. Since September 1, 2012, the new standard has been implemented and is very strict. However, the main engine manufacturer cannot provide more chassis supply markets for vehicles that meet the standards for special vehicles. The impact on the market is quite serious.
In addition, the National IV standard for heavy-duty diesel vehicles has been implemented, but the current state-IV vehicles that meet the requirements of special-purpose vehicle products on the market are very limited. At the same time, the implementation of the National III vehicle upgrade standard and the new national standard IV made some OEMs hesitate and embarrassed about the problem of the poor quality of a special vehicle, which affected the development process of new products for special vehicles and the special vehicle products to meet the market. The timeliness of the demand. In addition, on January 6, 2012, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Communications jointly issued Circular [2012] No. 12 requesting the simultaneous reporting of fuel consumption inspections to the two departments starting from February 1, 2012. Moreover, the fuel consumption report must have a physical presence on the inspection site. Video, which in turn makes declaration of product announcements for special auto companies more difficult and the cycle lengthens.
To increase the development of special-purpose vehicle chassis, especially heavy-duty special-purpose vehicle chassis, and to strive for the applicability, reliability, and durability of the chassis of automobiles is mainly to eliminate the drawbacks of the traditional chassis configuration model. The development of special-purpose vehicles has been divided into two relatively independent areas: chassis and tops. Due to differences in the design concepts of the vehicle and the chassis, the vehicle and chassis technology are mutually restricted. How to fuse the chassis and the vehicle is an important issue in front of a special car. The development of chassis for heavy-duty special vehicles must always adhere to many aspects such as safety, reliability, economy, and environmental protection, and make the layout of the chassis of the vehicle (including the arrangement of braking systems, attachments, electrical devices, and fuel tanks) more scientific and rational. , Strive to make the chassis and top part of the special vehicle to achieve the best configuration, in order to enhance the domestic special-purpose vehicles, especially heavy-duty special-purpose vehicles, the market competitiveness and resistance to risk.
National policy guiding heavy-duty is the development trend of special vehicles