Encyclopedia of power: wireless communications technology hot spots

1 wireless communication industry development status quo

At present, with the economic development and social progress, especially with the advent of the information age, the application of wireless communication tools has reached a new level and become an indispensable and important content in people's daily life. At home and abroad, the development and status quo, the wireless communications in the current area has two of the most prominent features: First, although the number of wireless communications users in various countries and regions showed an unbalanced state, but in general still remained strong The second is that there is an endless stream of technical hot spots in this field and all of them have maintained a very active stance in scientific research and application.

In recent years, in addition to the popularity of wireless communication tools in the traditional sense, the development and application of broadband wireless has also brought a wave of new waves to the wireless communication industry, including wireless broadband fixed access, WLAN technology, WiMAX technology As well as UWB technology, have shown strong momentum, making the entire wireless communications industry even more vibrant. In general, wireless communications are in line with China's economic, social and market development and are the fundamental driving force for achieving leapfrog development. In particular, our country has the world's largest consumer market for smart phones, wireless communication applications in smart phones is also an inevitable trend, but will also continue to maintain the growth trend, which is also the wireless communications operators to gain market share and effectiveness of the most Good cut into the point.

2 wireless communication technology hotspot analysis

Currently, wireless communication technology presents several major hot spots, the following were analyzed and introduced.

2.1 Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology

Long Term Evolution (LTE), a transitional technology between 3G and 4G technologies, has a global standard known as 3.9G, which improves and complements the air access links in 3G technology using OFDM and MIMO as wireless The standard of network evolution, can offer higher speed data transmission service than 3G.

First, the deployment of the LTE system is more flexible. It can support multiple system bandwidths between 1.25 and 20 MHz, and improves the communication rate. The downlink peak rate can reach 100 Mbps and the spectrum utilization rate can be 5 bps / Hz. The uplink rate can be At 50 Mbps, the corresponding spectrum utilization is 2.5 bps / Hz. Second, LET technology can reduce the wireless network delay, while keeping the location of the base station unchanged, can improve the edge transmission rate of the Residential Area. Thirdly, in LTE mobility, the best performance can be achieved at 0-15 km / h, with a good effect of 15-120 km / h. When reaching 120-350 km / h, the connection can still be maintained, ensuring no loss line. Fourthly, the coverage of LTE can reach the best condition in the range of 0 ~ 5km, and when it is in the range of 5 ~ 30km, the effect is reduced; and its maximum range can reach 100km.

At present, the LTE technology regards the grouping domain business as the main goal, based on the packet switching in the overall system architecture, and emphasizes the backward compatibility. The LTE technology can support existing 3G technologies and non-3GPP standard systems to achieve coordinated operation.

In short, compared with the original 3G technology, LTE technology has more advantages: higher data transmission rate is higher, reducing the delay, wider coverage, better backward compatibility and packet transmission.

2.2 Wireless LAN (WLAN) technology

Wireless LAN (WLAN) technology, also referred to as Wi-Fi, has been developed and applied for about ten years in Europe and the United States. The technical standard is currently IEEE802.11, which can reach tens of megabytes or even more. Into the speed. At present, China's major development of the standard WLAN network technology, has been sought after by major communications operators and users.

Wireless LAN under the IEEE802.11 technical standard can be used in the band of 2.4GHz and 5GHz RF in the ISM band without authorization, and is widely used in the enterprise-to-home Internet hotspot Access method.

WLAN has the advantages of flexible access, terminal mobility, simple installation, easy network planning and adjustment, easy fault location and service expansion.

Of course, there are also some shortcomings of the wireless LAN. For example, wireless LAN transmits data by radio waves and is easily affected by obstructions of buildings, trees, vehicles and other obstacles so that the signal is affected. In terms of transmission rate, The channel is low; at the same time, its security is not high enough. Because the radio wave does not need to establish a physical connection channel and is sent in a divergent state, it is theoretically easy to be monitored for the signal that it propagates, which easily leads to the danger of information leakage.

In addition, wireless gigabit (WiGig) technology is a faster short-range wireless transmission technology that can be used to quickly transfer large files at home or in the office. Use WiGig technology, without network cable, you can transfer high-definition video from the computer network to the TV, the transmission distance shorter than Wi-Fi, only in the same room in normal operation, the possibility of extending to adjacent rooms is not too large , So basically do not worry about the information being leaked, the goal is not only for connecting computers and TVs, but also can include mobile phones, video cameras and other equipment.

2.3 Broadband Wireless (WiMAX) technology

With the emergence of broadband wireless technology, wireless communication opens up new research fields and applications of broadband access. WiMAX technology, also known as the world's interoperable microwave access system, its most important advantage is that it can achieve high-speed data transmission. WiMAX has its own technical standards and organizational alliances.

Some people think that, WiMAX technology may replace the 3G access technology, in fact, this possibility is not great: First, the standard WiMAX technology is not very mature, from the large-scale commercialization there is a certain gap; Second, WiMAX Technology in the terminal portability, security and other aspects have yet to be improved; Third, the ability of voice calls are still inadequate. Therefore, WiMAX has not yet reached the level of 3G technology in terms of technical standards, equipment terminals and the like, which limits its general popularization and promotion to a certain extent. However, this technology has great market development space but is a Indisputable fact.

2.4 Ultra-wideband wireless access (UWB) technology

As a time-domain communication technology, ultra-wideband wireless access (UWB) technology can achieve ultra-high-speed data transmission, and has been widely concerned by operators and users since it was born. This technique uses a very short period of the pulse modulation, the signal is sent directly to 0 or 1-shaped

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